Pro-democracy campaigners hope they will be able to increase their representation on the council, which traditionally has some influence in choosing the city's chief executive.
Pro-Beijing candidates are urging voters to support them in order to express frustration at the upheaval caused by continuous clashes between protesters and police.
What's happening?
Sunday's district elections will take place with a record 4.1 million people in the city registered to vote.
More than 1,000 candidates are running for 452 district council seats which, for the first time, are being contested. (A further 27 seats are allocated to representatives of rural districts.)
Currently, pro-Beijing parties hold the majority of these seats.
Why are these elections important?
District councils themselves have very little actual power, so usually these elections take place on a very local level.
1,090 candidates - all seats being contested for the first time
4.13mregistered voters - the highest number ever
117councillors sit on committee that elects chief executive
Source: Hong Kong government
They're the first elections since anti-government protests started in June, so will act as a litmus test, reflecting how much support there is for the current government.
"People in Hong Kong have begun to see this election as an additional way to articulate and express their views on the state of Hong Kong in general and the government of Carrie Lam," Kenneth Chan, associate professor at Hong Kong Baptist University, told news agency Reuters.
Then there's the issue of Hong Kong's chief executive.
Under Hong Kong's electoral system, 117 of the district councillors will also sit on the committee that votes for the chief executive.
So a pro-democracy district win could translate eventually to a bigger share, and say, in who becomes the city's next leader.
The lawmaker has openly voiced his support for Hong Kong's police force on multiple occasions. He was in July filmed shaking hands with a group of men - suspected of being triad gangsters - who later assaulted pro-democracy protesters.
Jimmy Sham, a political activist who has recently rose to prominence as the leader of the Civil Human Rights Front - a campaign group responsible for organising some of the mass protest marches - is running for the first time.
Mr Sham has also been attacked twice, once apparently with hammers. Photographs showed him lying on the street covered in blood.
Who isn't running is also notable. Pro-democracy activist Joshua Wong was barred from running in the elections, a move he referred to as "political screening".
REUTERS
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