The acceptability of honor killings in Jordan

Jordanian teens give honor killings high ratings

NEW YORK, June 22, 2013 ― A new study released on Thursday by Cambridge University’s Institute of Criminology is getting a lot of publicity for what it suggests about societal norms in Jordan. The study, conducted by Professor Manuel Eisner and graduate student Lana Ghuneim, reveals that a large number of teenagers in the Hashemite Kingdom not only consider honor killings to be legally just, but advocate them on moral grounds.

Eisner and Ghuneim surveyed more than 850 ninth graders (averaging age 15) from different schools in Amman, as an attempt to “gauge cultural attitudes to honor killings in the region.”

Honor killings are brutal murders committed by male family members against wives, mothers, sisters, daughters or other female relatives who have brought disgrace, as they see it, to an immediate or extended clan through behavior deemed sexually improper. This behavior may be real or perceived. It could involve a woman talking to a man who is not her husband, a girl interested in the wrong boy, or any act considered inappropriate by the men in the family.

Methods vary for doing away with the woman or girl who has ostensibly dishonored the family. They may involve a father stabbing his daughter to death; a brother beating, suffocating or pouring acid on his sister; or an uncle driving his niece to a secluded place, then raping and setting her on fire. Often, these premeditated assassinations are carried out in front of mothers and siblings.

Though there is nothing new about this phenomenon, which is commonplace in the Muslim-Arab world, it is nevertheless crucial for it to be exposed as often and as thoroughly as possible. It is particularly necessary for it to be examined in countries viewed as “moderate” or “democratizing.”

Jordan, referred to as a “constitutional monarchy,” is just such a country. Its capital, Amman, has a stellar reputation as one of the best cities in the Middle East and North Africa ― just behind Dubai ― in terms of its economy, culture and cosmopolitanism. It thus attracts much international business and tourism.

In addition, Jordan’s King Abdullah II and Queen Rania are a classy-looking, Western-educated couple, perfect for photo-ops in American and European magazines. They are also both good at mouthing liberal rhetoric. In 2005, Abdullah said he intended to democratize Jordan. In 2011, he announced his country’s move to a British parliamentary system. So far, however, his crown and absolute power are intact.

For her part, Queen Rania has focused her public life on promoting education at home and abroad. She launched a campaign called “Empowering One Million Arab Youth by 2018,” and has used her regal status, Twitter account and media platforms ― such as an appearance on the Oprah Winfrey show ― to speak about “misconceptions” in the West about Islam and the role women play in it. In 2011, Forbes ranked her among the 100 most powerful women in the world.

With all her power, influence and so-called concern for education, Queen Rania either has been sleeping on the job or simply doesn’t care that girls and women in her very own neighborhood are being slaughtered by the men in their families.

For all her husband’s democratizing aspirations, his legal system is extremely lenient towards men who commit honor killings.

But the penal code does not explain the attitudes of high school students in Amman, more than a third of whom believe in the horrifying practice.

“While we found the main demographic in support of [honor killings] to be boys in traditional families with low levels of education,” says Prof. Eisner, “We noted substantial minorities of girls, well-educated and even irreligious teenagers who consider honor killing morally right, suggesting a persisting society-wide support for the tradition.”

Eisner concludes, “Any meaningful attempt to reduce attitudes in support of such practices requires a broader societal commitment, including coherent messages against honor-related violence from political and religious elites, and decisive action by the criminal justice system.”

If there is anyone in Jordan who has the ability to provide such messages and legal action, it is the king and his queen. But for them to commit to such an undertaking, they would have to consider honor killings to be dishonorable.

The focus on the monarchy is a red herring here. To oppose honor killings is to oppose Islam and the king for all his faults is not suicidal. It's not just an arab thing. It's a Muslim thing as honor killings are prevalent in Pakistan, Afghanistan and India in Muslim communities. There are even cases in America and Canada. The connection is Islam. Also not mentioned is the large population of Palestinians living in Jordan. This is a millennial war on women. Defining a man's honor by his control of the women in his life is barbaric.